Digital Twin: Origin to Future

Digital Twin (DT) refers to the virtual copy or model of any physical entity (physical twin) both which are interconnected via exchange data in real time. Conceptually, a DT mimics state its twin time and vice versa. Application includes real-time monitoring, designing/planning, optimization, maintenance, remote access, etc. Its implementation is expected grow exponentially coming decades. The advent Industry 4.0 has brought complex industrial systems that more autonomous, smart, highly interconnected. These generate considerable amounts useful for several applications such as improving performance, predictive training, A sudden influx number publications related ‘Digital Twin’ led confusion between different terminologies digitalization industries. Another problem arisen due growing popularity lack consensus on description well so many types DT, adds confusion. This paper intends consolidate definitions throughout literature easy identification from rest complimentary terms ‘product avatar’, ‘digital thread’, model’, shadow’. looks at concept since inception predicted future realize value it can bring certain sectors. Understanding characteristics while weighing pros cons essential researcher, business, sector before investing technology.